feat: #80 + #81 alliances & space program — 13th & 14th abilities (v0.45.0)

#80: TurnResult.alliances — form/break durable mutual-defense pacts (GameState.alliances; pair relation → ally/neutral, an active war overrides).
#81: TurnResult.space — launch/deorbit satellites (GameState.satellites; +1 stability per active satellite per turn).
Both appended last to the ABILITIES registry (entries 13 & 14, after contested); durable in SQLite via the stateFields loop, mirrored to regionStats, stats re-derived. System + user prompt goldens updated; 738 unit tests passing.

shared/protocol.ts

@@ -830,6 +830,108 @@ export interface ContestedRegion {
   parties: string[];
 }
 
+// --- Alliances / mutual-defense treaties (v0.45.0, #80) ----------------------
+//
+// A durable, symmetric pact between two distinct nations. The LLM proposes
+// `form` / `break` ops each turn; the engine applies them directly
+// (`applyTurnResult` → the alliances ability) and persists the active pacts in
+// `GameState.alliances`. A pair holds at most one pact (re-forming is a
+// no-op), and an active war between the pair overrides the `ally` relation —
+// the pact still exists but the `war` relation stays in force until the war
+// ends.
+
+/** One active alliance: which two nations are bound, and when the pact was formed. */
+export interface Alliance {
+  /** Stable id (`al1`, `al2`, …) assigned by the engine on formation. */
+  id: string;
+  /** The two party nation ids (sorted, distinct). */
+  parties: string[];
+  /** The turn number the pact was formed on. */
+  formedTurn: number;
+  /** The in-game date the pact took effect on (`YYYY-MM-DD`). */
+  formedDate: string;
+}
+
+/** A single "form a new alliance between a and b" op. */
+export interface AllianceFormOp {
+  /** One party (a nation id or name, resolved via `resolveNationRef`). */
+  a: string;
+  /** The other party (a nation id or name, distinct from `a`). */
+  b: string;
+}
+
+/** A single "break the alliance between a and b" op. */
+export interface AllianceBreakOp {
+  /** One party (a nation id or name). */
+  a: string;
+  /** The other party (a nation id or name). */
+  b: string;
+}
+
+/** The alliances block of a `TurnResult`. Required; default `{ form: [], break: [] }`. */
+export interface AllianceOps {
+  /** New pacts to form this turn. */
+  form: AllianceFormOp[];
+  /** Existing pacts to end this turn. */
+  break: AllianceBreakOp[];
+}
+
+// --- Space program / satellites (v0.45.0, #81) -------------------------------
+//
+// Durable per-turn space ops: the LLM launches satellites over regions it
+// owns and deorbits active ones by id. Each active satellite grants its owner
+// a small deterministic +1 stability per committed turn (mirrored to its
+// regions, re-derived), stacked per satellite. Launches/deorbits never move
+// borders — sole ownership is untouched.
+
+/** The kind of satellite a nation can put into orbit. */
+export type SatelliteType = 'recon' | 'comms' | 'navigation' | 'weather';
+
+/** All satellite types, in canonical order (the LLM contract + validator). */
+export const SATELLITE_TYPES: SatelliteType[] = ['recon', 'comms', 'navigation', 'weather'];
+
+/** True when `t` is one of the four known satellite types. */
+export function isSatelliteType(t: unknown): t is SatelliteType {
+  return typeof t === 'string' && SATELLITE_TYPES.includes(t as SatelliteType);
+}
+
+/** A single "launch a satellite" op: `by` puts a satellite of `type` over `regionKey` (a region it owns). */
+export interface SatelliteLaunchOp {
+  /** The launching nation (a nation id or name, resolved via `resolveNationRef`). */
+  by: string;
+  /** The region key the satellite orbits over (must be a valid key owned by `by`). */
+  regionKey: string;
+  /** The satellite's type (one of `SATELLITE_TYPES`). */
+  type: SatelliteType;
+}
+
+/** A single "deorbit a satellite" op: the satellite's stable id. */
+export type SatelliteDeorbitOp = string;
+
+/** The space block of a `TurnResult`. Required; default `{ launch: [], deorbit: [] }`. */
+export interface SpaceOps {
+  /** New satellites to launch this turn. */
+  launch: SatelliteLaunchOp[];
+  /** Satellite ids to deorbit (remove) this turn. */
+  deorbit: SatelliteDeorbitOp[];
+}
+
+/** One active satellite: who launched it, over which region, of what type, and when. */
+export interface Satellite {
+  /** Stable id (`s1`, `s2`, …) assigned by the engine on launch. */
+  id: string;
+  /** The launching nation's id (resolved). */
+  by: string;
+  /** The region key the satellite orbits over. */
+  regionKey: string;
+  /** The satellite's type (one of `SATELLITE_TYPES`). */
+  type: SatelliteType;
+  /** The turn number the satellite was launched on. */
+  launchedTurn: number;
+  /** The in-game date the satellite was launched on (`YYYY-MM-DD`). */
+  launchedDate: string;
+}
+
 /** The exact JSON object the world-simulator LLM must return for a turn. */
 export interface TurnResult {
   date: string;
@@ -1052,6 +1154,27 @@ export interface TurnResult {
    * default `{ open: [], resolve: [] }`.
    */
   contested: ContestedOps;
+  /**
+   * (v0.45.0, #80) Alliances / mutual-defense treaties this turn: `form`
+   * declares a new pact between two nations (a symmetric alliance entry plus
+   * an `ally` relation, unless they are at war — the pact still forms but the
+   * `war` relation keeps overriding); `break` ends an existing pact and sets
+   * the pair back to `neutral` (unless an active war still binds them). A pair
+   * holds at most one pact (re-forming is a no-op). Required;
+   * default `{ form: [], break: [] }`.
+   */
+  alliances: AllianceOps;
+  /**
+   * (v0.45.0, #81) Space program / satellites this turn: `launch` puts a new
+   * satellite (one of the four `SatelliteType`s) into orbit over a region the
+   * acting nation owns, stamped with the turn and date; `deorbit` removes an
+   * active satellite by its stable id. Every satellite its owner holds grants
+   * the owner a small deterministic +1 stability per committed turn (mirrored
+   * to its regions, re-derived), so a nation with several satellites stacks
+   * the bonus. Launches/deorbits never move borders — sole ownership is
+   * untouched. Required; default `{ launch: [], deorbit: [] }`.
+   */
+  space: SpaceOps;
   /**
    * (v0.27, #44) Map-marker ops this turn. `add` places new named markers
    * (the engine positions each at its region's centroid + a small